Personas adultas mayores y cuidadores en tiempo de pandemia por COVID-19 en el continente americano: perspectiva desde salud
Older adults and caregivers in times of the COVID-19 pandemic in the american continent: a health perspective
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Introducción: la pandemia por el SARS-CoV-2 ha traído grandes consecuencias para la población, en especial para las personas adultas mayores, que son el grupo poblacional más vulnerable, principalmente si tienen edad muy avanzada y enfermedades crónicas. Objetivo: caracterizar las publicaciones científicas producidas sobre el cuidado de las personas adultas mayores y cuidadores en tiempo de pandemia en las Américas, durante el período comprendido entre enero de 2020 y el tercer trimestre de 2021. Materiales y métodos: estudio documental, bibliométrico y de revisión integrativa con un enfoque cuantitativo. Resultados de prueba piloto con 50 publicaciones científicas realizadas entre 2020 y 2021. La elección se realizó mediante la aplicación de una lista de chequeo, la cual contiene 9 ítems. Resultados: se incluyeron 50 publicaciones científicas enfocadas en necesidades y recomendaciones para las personas adultas mayores y cuidadores, así como en desafíos políticos, económicos y sociales. Conclusiones: la mayoría de los autores coinciden en que las personas mayores conforman una de las poblaciones con más vulnerabilidad y que el aislamiento social es la causa principal del decaimiento social, neuronal, emocional y físico, por lo que debe brindarse una atención de calidad. Es ahí donde la participación de los cuidadores juega un papel esencial en el cuidado de los adultos mayores.
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